Around the turn of the millennium, not this recent one go back a couple millennium to somewhere around 4 BC to 1 AD, Lucius Annaeus Seneca was born in Spain and moved to Rome by about 5 AD. During his (approximately) 70 years of life, he wrote 20 books, served as a tutor and later an adviser to Emperor Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus in the 40s, 50s and 60s, and is known as a
Roman Stoic Philosopher. There are some other interesting facts about Seneca (the younger) and his father (Seneca the elder) and older brother (Gallio, mentioned in Acts 18). But for the purpose of this post, I want to focus on his philosophy on anger and happiness, especially as we start a new year.
Seneca believed that most of our anger is a result of negative things in life that surprise us, because we are too hopeful. His theory was that if we could prepare ourselves for the worst case, then when something bad happens we won't be surprised and therefore not get angry about it. The secret to happiness is to be more pessimistic.*
I was introduced to Seneca and his writings through a documentary on PBS this past weekend. It was part 3 of a six part series on happiness. You can watch the documentary
here.
There is something about this philosophy that I agree with. Happiness may be felt when my expectations are met and when my expectations aren't met, anger is one of the emotions I may feel. I might also feel disappointed, hurt, sad, upset, let down, etc. Having reasonable expectations frees myself and those around me from predestined failure and potentially from the emotion that would follow, whether it be anger or just disappointment. But happiness is not a given even when everything goes the way I want it to or think it should.
On the other hand, constant focus and preparation for the worse case scenario steels life of its joy, in my opinion. If I expect you to fail me, things to go wrong, nothing to work out right, if I live in this state of pessimism, I become unimpressed. So you didn't do as badly as I had expected, good for you! So only two of the seven things whet wrong today, hooray! I find that to be very depressing.
I also know of situations where it is in my best interest to stay positive even though potential for negative is possible. Take having a baby, for instance, if I go into labor preparing myself for an emergency c-section, statistically, I am more likely to need an emergency c-section. If I, however, go into labor prepared for the long hall, telling myself that I can do this, chances are much more in my favor.** Outcomes for some things in life are very dependent on my frame of mind.
I think my philosophy on happiness is to set reasonable expectations, put my trust in God (not in man, for no matter how hard they try, a person is still human and cannot be everything for me all the time) and to focus on inner joy (yes, there is a difference).
Happiness is a feeling. Inner joy is a choice. I do not always feel happy, but I can choose to be joyful. Joy means
"to experience great pleasure or delight" or to "rejoice", according to Webster. I can choose to rejoice, to delight, to find pleasure in the midst of something bad, negative, disappointing. Today, I am tired and sore, I haven't been sleeping well, I have a dry cough that won't give up and rest seems out of reach right now. I don't
feel happy. But, today I get to be home with my four beautiful babies, Ben is meeting with the electricians (progress!) and the sun is shining! I am choosing to be joyful, to find delight in my day, not because of how I
feel, but because of
who I am.
* Disclaimer: This is more of a review on the documentary than of Seneca himself. The information I have on his philosophy is limited.
** Disclaimer: I am not judging birthing or c-sections.